Fc Gamma Receptors and Complement Component 3 Facilitate Anti-fVIII Antibody Formation
Ivan
| Updated July 19, 2020
Anti-factor VIII (fVIII) alloantibodies, which may develop in sufferers with hemophilia A, restrict the therapeutic choices and improve morbidity and mortality of those sufferers. Nevertheless, the elements that affect anti-fVIII antibody growth stay incompletely understood.
Latest research recommend that Fc gamma receptors (FcγRs) might facilitate recognition and uptake of fVIII by lately developed or pre-existing naturally occurring anti-fVIII antibodies, offering a mechanism whereby the immune system might acknowledge fVIII following infusion.
Nevertheless, the function of FcγRs in anti-fVIII antibody formation stays unknown. With a view to outline the affect of FcγRs on the event of anti-fVIII antibodies, fVIII was injected into WT or FcγR knockout recipients, adopted by analysis of anti-fVIII antibodies. Anti-fVIII antibodies have been readily noticed following fVIII injection into FcγR knockouts, with comparable anti-fVIII antibody ranges occurring in FcγR knockouts as detected in WT mice injected in parallel.
As antibodies may repair complement, offering a possible mechanism whereby anti-fVIII antibodies might affect anti-fVIII antibody formation unbiased of FcγRs, fVIII was additionally injected into complement part 3 (C3) knockout recipients in parallel.
Much like FcγR knockouts, C3 knockout recipients developed a sturdy response to fVIII, which was likewise much like that noticed in WT recipients.
As FcγRs or C3 might compensate for one another in recipients solely poor in FcγRs or C3 alone, we generated mice poor in each FcγRs and C3 to check for potential antibody effector redundancy in anti-fVIII antibody formation. Infusion of fVIII into FcγRs and C3 (FcγR × C3) double knockouts likewise induced anti-fVIII antibodies.
Description: A polyclonal antibody against TNFRSF17. Recognizes TNFRSF17 from Human, Mouse. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA, WB;ELISA:1:1000-1:2000, WB:1:200-1:1000
Description: A polyclonal antibody against TNFRSF17. Recognizes TNFRSF17 from Human, Mouse. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA, WB, IHC;ELISA:1:1000-1:2000, WB:1:200-1:1000, IHC:1:50-1:200
Description: A polyclonal antibody against TNFRSF17. Recognizes TNFRSF17 from Human. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: WB, ELISA;WB:1/500-1/2000.ELISA:1/10000
Description: Description of target: TNFRSF17 (Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17), also called BCMA, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TNFRSF17 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the TNF-receptor superfamily and is mapped to 16p13.13. This receptor is preferentially expressed in mature B lymphocytes, and may be important for B cell development and autoimmune response. This receptor has been shown to specifically bind to the tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 13b (TNFSF13B/TALL-1/BAFF), and to lead to NF-kappaB and MAPK8/JNK activation. This receptor also binds to various TRAF family members, and thus may transduce signals for cell survival and proliferation.;Species reactivity: Mouse;Application: ELISA;Assay info: Assay Methodology: Quantitative Sandwich Immunoassay;Sensitivity: <= 10 pg/mL
Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit for quantification of Mouse TNFRSF17/BCMA in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids.
Description: A polyclonal antibody raised in Rabbit that recognizes and binds to Human BCMA (TNFRSF17) . This antibody is tested and proven to work in the following applications:
Description: The B cell maturation protein (BCMA) is a type I integral membrane protein that belongs to the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNF-R) superfamily. It is expressed as a 184 amino acid peptide that is expressed only in mature B-lymphocytes and is located on the cis part of the Golgi apparatus. BCMA shares significant homology with TACI (transmembrane activator) within the cysteine-rich domain. TACI has been shown to bind CAML, which induces activation of NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells). Both BCMA and TACI have been shown to bind APRIL and TALL-1, which stimulate B cell proliferation in conjunction with other B-cell activators. When overexpressed, TALL-1 stimulates the development of systemic lupus erythaematosus (SLE).
Description: The B cell maturation protein (BCMA) is a type I integral membrane protein that belongs to the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNF-R) superfamily. It is expressed as a 184 amino acid peptide that is expressed only in mature B-lymphocytes and is located on the cis part of the Golgi apparatus. BCMA shares significant homology with TACI (transmembrane activator) within the cysteine-rich domain. TACI has been shown to bind CAML, which induces activation of NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells). Both BCMA and TACI have been shown to bind APRIL and TALL-1, which stimulate B cell proliferation in conjunction with other B-cell activators. When overexpressed, TALL-1 stimulates the development of systemic lupus erythaematosus (SLE).
Description: This ADC product is comprised of an anti-TNFRSF17 monoclonal antibody (clone J7M0) conjugated via a Mc linker to MMAF
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Nevertheless, in contrast to particular person knockouts, anti-fVIII antibodies in FcγRs × C3 knockouts have been initially decrease than WT recipients, though anti-fVIII antibodies elevated to WT ranges following further fVIII publicity.
In distinction, infusion of RBCs expressing distinct alloantigens into FcγRs, C3 or FcγR × C3 knockout recipients both failed to alter anti-RBC ranges when in comparison with WT recipients or really elevated antibody responses, relying on the goal antigen.
Taken collectively, these outcomes recommend FcγRs and C3 can differentially affect antibody formation following publicity to distinct alloantigens and that FcγRs and C3 work in live performance to facilitate early anti-fVIII antibody formation.
Key phrases: Fc gamma receptors; alloimmunization; complement part 3; hemophilia; humoral immunity; inhibitors.
Worth of Space Postrema Syndrome in Differentiating Adults With AQP4 vs. MOG Antibodies
Targets: To check the frequency of space postrema syndrome (APS) in adults with anti-aquaporin-4 (AQP4) and anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies.
Strategies: APS is outlined as acute or subacute, single or mixed, episodic or fixed nausea, vomiting, or hiccups, persisting for at the least 48 h, which can’t be attributed to another etiology.
The presence of APS was investigated in 274 adults with AQP4 antibodies and 107 adults with MOG antibodies from 10 hospitals.
Description: A sandwich quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Human Leucine Aminopeptidase (LAP) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates or other biological fluids.
Description: A sandwich quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Human Leucine Aminopeptidase (LAP) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates or other biological fluids.
Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit for quantification of Human LAP (TGF-Beta1) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids.
TGF-b-1 Transforming Growth Factor-beta 1 Human protein
Description: Human Transforming Growth Factor-beta 1 purified from Human Platelets having a molecular mass of 25kDa.;The TGF-b 1 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Description: A sandwich quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Rat Leucine Aminopeptidase (LAP) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates or other biological fluids.
Description: A sandwich quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Rat Leucine Aminopeptidase (LAP) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates or other biological fluids.
Description: TGF-beta 1 is a protein encoded by the TGFB1 gene which is approximately 44,3 kDa. TGF-beta 1 is secreted into the extracellular space and matrix and is involved in apoptotic pathways in synovial fibroblasts, SMAD2/3 MH2 domain mutants in cancer, Th17 differentiation pathway, GPCR pathway and ERK signalling. This protein falls under the TGF-beta superfamily which bind various TGF-beta receptors leading to recruitment and activation of SMAD family transcription factors that regulate gene expression. It is a multifunctional protein that controls proliferation, differentiation and other functions in many cell types. TGF-beta 1 is highly expressed in bone. Mutations in the TGFB1 gene may result in Camurati-Engelmann disease and Cystic Fibrosis, Renal Fibrosis. STJ95997 was developed from clone 5D2. It was affinity-purified from mouse ascites by affinity-chromatography using specific immunogen. This mouse monoclonal antibody detects endogenous levels of TGF-beta 1.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for TGF beta 1 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with Human Synthesized peptide derived from human TGF ?1 antibody.. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, IHC, ELISA assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000), IHC (1:100), ELISA (1:5000). This TGF beta 1 antibody is unconjugated.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for TGF beta 1 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with Human Synthesized peptide derived from human TGF ?1 antibody.. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, IHC, ELISA assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000), IHC (1:100), ELISA (1:5000). This TGF beta 1 antibody is conjugated to ATTO 390.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for TGF beta 1 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with Human Synthesized peptide derived from human TGF ?1 antibody.. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, IHC, ELISA assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000), IHC (1:100), ELISA (1:5000). This TGF beta 1 antibody is conjugated to ATTO 488.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for TGF beta 1 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with Human Synthesized peptide derived from human TGF ?1 antibody.. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, IHC, ELISA assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000), IHC (1:100), ELISA (1:5000). This TGF beta 1 antibody is conjugated to ATTO 565.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for TGF beta 1 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with Human Synthesized peptide derived from human TGF ?1 antibody.. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, IHC, ELISA assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000), IHC (1:100), ELISA (1:5000). This TGF beta 1 antibody is conjugated to ATTO 594.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for TGF beta 1 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with Human Synthesized peptide derived from human TGF ?1 antibody.. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, IHC, ELISA assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000), IHC (1:100), ELISA (1:5000). This TGF beta 1 antibody is conjugated to ATTO 633.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for TGF beta 1 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with Human Synthesized peptide derived from human TGF ?1 antibody.. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, IHC, ELISA assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000), IHC (1:100), ELISA (1:5000). This TGF beta 1 antibody is conjugated to ATTO 655.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for TGF beta 1 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with Human Synthesized peptide derived from human TGF ?1 antibody.. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, IHC, ELISA assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000), IHC (1:100), ELISA (1:5000). This TGF beta 1 antibody is conjugated to ATTO 680.
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Outcomes: The research inhabitants comprised Korean adults (≥18 years). On the time of illness onset, 14.9% (41/274) adults with AQP4 antibodies had APS, whereas not one of the members with MOG antibodies developed APS (p < 0.001).
Through the course of the illness, 17.2% (47/274) adults with AQP4 antibodies had APS in distinction to 1.9% (2/107) adults with MOG antibodies with APS (p < 0.001).
Conclusions: APS, one of many core scientific traits of people with AQP4 antibodies, is a particularly uncommon manifestation in Korean adults with MOG antibodies.
