Fc Gamma Receptors and Complement Component 3 Facilitate Anti-fVIII Antibody Formation
Ivan
| Updated July 19, 2020
Anti-factor VIII (fVIII) alloantibodies, which may develop in sufferers with hemophilia A, restrict the therapeutic choices and improve morbidity and mortality of those sufferers. Nevertheless, the elements that affect anti-fVIII antibody growth stay incompletely understood.
Latest research recommend that Fc gamma receptors (FcγRs) might facilitate recognition and uptake of fVIII by lately developed or pre-existing naturally occurring anti-fVIII antibodies, offering a mechanism whereby the immune system might acknowledge fVIII following infusion.
Nevertheless, the function of FcγRs in anti-fVIII antibody formation stays unknown. With a view to outline the affect of FcγRs on the event of anti-fVIII antibodies, fVIII was injected into WT or FcγR knockout recipients, adopted by analysis of anti-fVIII antibodies. Anti-fVIII antibodies have been readily noticed following fVIII injection into FcγR knockouts, with comparable anti-fVIII antibody ranges occurring in FcγR knockouts as detected in WT mice injected in parallel.
As antibodies may repair complement, offering a possible mechanism whereby anti-fVIII antibodies might affect anti-fVIII antibody formation unbiased of FcγRs, fVIII was additionally injected into complement part 3 (C3) knockout recipients in parallel.
Much like FcγR knockouts, C3 knockout recipients developed a sturdy response to fVIII, which was likewise much like that noticed in WT recipients.
As FcγRs or C3 might compensate for one another in recipients solely poor in FcγRs or C3 alone, we generated mice poor in each FcγRs and C3 to check for potential antibody effector redundancy in anti-fVIII antibody formation. Infusion of fVIII into FcγRs and C3 (FcγR × C3) double knockouts likewise induced anti-fVIII antibodies.
Description: B cell maturation protein (BCMA) is a member of the TNF receptor superfamily (TNFRSF17). BCMA is expressed in immune organs and mature B cell lines. Although some expression has been observed at the cell surface, BCMA appears to be localized to the Golgi compartment. BCMA binding to APRIL or BAFF stimulates IgM production in peripheral blood B cells and increases the survival of cultured B cells. Mature human and mouse BCMA share 86% amino acid sequence identity.
Description: Store it under sterile conditions at -20oC~-70oC. It is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Description: Description of target: TNFRSF17 (Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17), also called BCMA, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TNFRSF17 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the TNF-receptor superfamily and is mapped to 16p13.13. This receptor is preferentially expressed in mature B lymphocytes, and may be important for B cell development and autoimmune response. This receptor has been shown to specifically bind to the tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 13b (TNFSF13B/TALL-1/BAFF), and to lead to NF-kappaB and MAPK8/JNK activation. This receptor also binds to various TRAF family members, and thus may transduce signals for cell survival and proliferation.;Species reactivity: Mouse;Application: ELISA;Assay info: Assay Methodology: Quantitative Sandwich Immunoassay;Sensitivity: <= 10 pg/mL
Description: A polyclonal antibody against TNFRSF17. Recognizes TNFRSF17 from Human, Mouse. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA, WB;ELISA:1:1000-1:2000, WB:1:200-1:1000
Description: A polyclonal antibody against TNFRSF17. Recognizes TNFRSF17 from Human. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: WB, ELISA;WB:1/500-1/2000.ELISA:1/10000
Description: A polyclonal antibody against TNFRSF17. Recognizes TNFRSF17 from Human, Mouse. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA, WB, IHC;ELISA:1:1000-1:2000, WB:1:200-1:1000, IHC:1:50-1:200
Nevertheless, in contrast to particular person knockouts, anti-fVIII antibodies in FcγRs × C3 knockouts have been initially decrease than WT recipients, though anti-fVIII antibodies elevated to WT ranges following further fVIII publicity.
In distinction, infusion of RBCs expressing distinct alloantigens into FcγRs, C3 or FcγR × C3 knockout recipients both failed to alter anti-RBC ranges when in comparison with WT recipients or really elevated antibody responses, relying on the goal antigen.
Taken collectively, these outcomes recommend FcγRs and C3 can differentially affect antibody formation following publicity to distinct alloantigens and that FcγRs and C3 work in live performance to facilitate early anti-fVIII antibody formation.
Key phrases: Fc gamma receptors; alloimmunization; complement part 3; hemophilia; humoral immunity; inhibitors.
Worth of Space Postrema Syndrome in Differentiating Adults With AQP4 vs. MOG Antibodies
Targets: To check the frequency of space postrema syndrome (APS) in adults with anti-aquaporin-4 (AQP4) and anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies.
Strategies: APS is outlined as acute or subacute, single or mixed, episodic or fixed nausea, vomiting, or hiccups, persisting for at the least 48 h, which can’t be attributed to another etiology.
The presence of APS was investigated in 274 adults with AQP4 antibodies and 107 adults with MOG antibodies from 10 hospitals.
Description: Human LAP (TGF-beta 1), His Tag (LAP-H5245) is expressed from human 293 cells (HEK293). It contains AA Leu 30 - Arg 278 (Accession # NP_000651.3 (C33S)).
Description: Human LAP (TGF-beta 1), Tag Free (LAP-H5213) is expressed from human 293 cells (HEK293). It contains AA Leu 30 - Arg 278 (Accession # P01137-1 (C33S)).
Recombinant Human TGFB1 (LAP)/TGF-beta 1 Protein (His Tag)
Description: Biotinylated Human LAP (TGF-beta 1), His,Avitag (LAP-H82Q6) is expressed from human 293 cells (HEK293). It contains AA Leu 30 - Arg 278 (Accession # P01137-1 (C33S)).
Description: Human LAP (TGF-Beta1) ELISA Kit PicoKine® (96 Tests). Quantitate Human LAP(TGF-Beta1) in cell culture supernatants, cell lysates, serum and plasma (heparin, EDTA). Sensitivity: 10pg/ml.
Biotinylated Human LAP (TGF-beta 1) (C33S) Protein, Fc,Avitag™ (MALS verified)
Description: Biotinylated Human LAP (TGF-beta 1) (C33S), Fc,Avitag (LAP-H82F8) is expressed from human 293 cells (HEK293). It contains AA Leu 30 - Arg 278 (Accession # P01137-1 (C33S)).
Description: A polyclonal antibody for TGF beta 1 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with Human Synthesized peptide derived from human TGF ?1 antibody.. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, IHC, ELISA assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000), IHC (1:100), ELISA (1:5000). This TGF beta 1 antibody is conjugated to ATTO 565.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for TGF beta 1 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with Human Synthesized peptide derived from human TGF ?1 antibody.. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, IHC, ELISA assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000), IHC (1:100), ELISA (1:5000). This TGF beta 1 antibody is conjugated to ATTO 633.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for TGF beta 1 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with Human Synthesized peptide derived from human TGF ?1 antibody.. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, IHC, ELISA assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000), IHC (1:100), ELISA (1:5000). This TGF beta 1 antibody is conjugated to ATTO 655.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for TGF beta 1 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with Human Synthesized peptide derived from human TGF ?1 antibody.. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, IHC, ELISA assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000), IHC (1:100), ELISA (1:5000). This TGF beta 1 antibody is conjugated to ATTO 680.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for TGF beta 1 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with Human Synthesized peptide derived from human TGF ?1 antibody.. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, IHC, ELISA assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000), IHC (1:100), ELISA (1:5000). This TGF beta 1 antibody is conjugated to ATTO 700.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for TGF beta 1 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with Human Synthesized peptide derived from human TGF ?1 antibody.. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, IHC, ELISA assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000), IHC (1:100), ELISA (1:5000). This TGF beta 1 antibody is conjugated to Alkaline Phosphatase.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for TGF beta 1 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with Human Synthesized peptide derived from human TGF ?1 antibody.. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, IHC, ELISA assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000), IHC (1:100), ELISA (1:5000). This TGF beta 1 antibody is conjugated to APC .
Description: A polyclonal antibody for TGF beta 1 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with Human Synthesized peptide derived from human TGF ?1 antibody.. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, IHC, ELISA assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000), IHC (1:100), ELISA (1:5000). This TGF beta 1 antibody is conjugated to APC/Cy7.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for TGF beta 1 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with Human Synthesized peptide derived from human TGF ?1 antibody.. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, IHC, ELISA assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000), IHC (1:100), ELISA (1:5000). This TGF beta 1 antibody is conjugated to Dylight 350.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for TGF beta 1 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with Human Synthesized peptide derived from human TGF ?1 antibody.. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, IHC, ELISA assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000), IHC (1:100), ELISA (1:5000). This TGF beta 1 antibody is conjugated to Dylight 405.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for TGF beta 1 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with Human Synthesized peptide derived from human TGF ?1 antibody.. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, IHC, ELISA assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000), IHC (1:100), ELISA (1:5000). This TGF beta 1 antibody is conjugated to Dylight 488.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for TGF beta 1 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with Human Synthesized peptide derived from human TGF ?1 antibody.. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, IHC, ELISA assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000), IHC (1:100), ELISA (1:5000). This TGF beta 1 antibody is conjugated to Dylight 594.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for TGF beta 1 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with Human Synthesized peptide derived from human TGF ?1 antibody.. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, IHC, ELISA assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000), IHC (1:100), ELISA (1:5000). This TGF beta 1 antibody is conjugated to Dylight 633.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for TGF beta 1 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with Human Synthesized peptide derived from human TGF ?1 antibody.. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, IHC, ELISA assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000), IHC (1:100), ELISA (1:5000). This TGF beta 1 antibody is conjugated to HRP.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for TGF beta 1 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with Human Synthesized peptide derived from human TGF ?1 antibody.. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, IHC, ELISA assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000), IHC (1:100), ELISA (1:5000). This TGF beta 1 antibody is conjugated to PE/ATTO 594.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for TGF beta 1 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with Human Synthesized peptide derived from human TGF ?1 antibody.. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, IHC, ELISA assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000), IHC (1:100), ELISA (1:5000). This TGF beta 1 antibody is conjugated to PerCP.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for TGF beta 1 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with Human Synthesized peptide derived from human TGF ?1 antibody.. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, IHC, ELISA assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000), IHC (1:100), ELISA (1:5000). This TGF beta 1 antibody is conjugated to RPE .
Description: A polyclonal antibody for TGF beta 1 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with Human Synthesized peptide derived from human TGF ?1 antibody.. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, IHC, ELISA assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000), IHC (1:100), ELISA (1:5000). This TGF beta 1 antibody is conjugated to Streptavidin.
Description: TGFB1 is the prototype member of the TGF-beta super-family that includes Inhibins, Activin A, MIS (Müllerian inhibiting substance), BMP (bone morphogenetic proteins), dpp (decapentaplegic) and Vg-1. TGFB1 is the most potent known growth inhibitor for normal and transformed epithelial cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, neuronal cells, lymphoid cells and other hematopoietic cell types. TGF-beta inhibits the proliferation of T lymphocytes by down-regulating predominantly IL2 mediated proliferative signals and also inhibits the growth of natural killer cells. Recombinant human TGFB1 is a disulfide linked homodimer protein that migrates at approximately 26kDa under non-reducing conditions.
Outcomes: The research inhabitants comprised Korean adults (≥18 years). On the time of illness onset, 14.9% (41/274) adults with AQP4 antibodies had APS, whereas not one of the members with MOG antibodies developed APS (p < 0.001).
Through the course of the illness, 17.2% (47/274) adults with AQP4 antibodies had APS in distinction to 1.9% (2/107) adults with MOG antibodies with APS (p < 0.001).
Conclusions: APS, one of many core scientific traits of people with AQP4 antibodies, is a particularly uncommon manifestation in Korean adults with MOG antibodies.
